(R1b-FGC33214)
Michael Cooley
Article: Three Y-DNA Duncan Haplotypes
The following table is simply a bare summary of the results and can be copied and pasted into a spreadsheet. This is helpful for keeping track of larger projects. With the exception of those indicated by an asterisk, the novel SNPs (novel variants) can be tested at YSEQ.net for $18 each and a one-time kit fee of $6 for the first order.
| KIT | TREE | MRCA | TEST | NOVEL VARIANTS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| #919030 | | FT252488 FT283981
| #950630 | --
| #N22681 | FTA58508 FTF19841
| #1011024 | FTF41338 FTF51897
| #219530 | BY104414 BY144386 BY70067
| #398696 | FGC57787
| #B5247 | FTB99030
| #917964 | FT229465 FT229699 FT228300 FT228573
| #202785 | FTE3674 FTE4750 FTE5985 FTE3140
| #B561759 | FTE39665 FTE40050 FTE38537
| #873097 | FT24713 FT19389
| #50393 | BY188226 BY188587
| #B260276 | FTF37953 FTF38208 FTF38584
| #229946 | FT270451 FT270921 FT268802 FT269210 FT269324
| #989458 | FTF75960
| #989197 | FTE3487 FTE6882
| #852880 | FTB9508
| #473546 | FTB98777 FTB98778 FTB98931 FTB98998 BY169248
| #236057 | --
| |
* SNP cannot undergo Sanger testing
A SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) occurs when there's a genetic change at a single position, for example an A mutated to a C. Each marker listed in the tree below is a SNP, and each one was manifested at the birth of a single man. This doesn't happen every generation but, if we had enough data, they'd all line up one after the other in a timeline. In other words, each of these markers is a direct representative of a specific man born at a specific time and place. For that reason, I like to say that "SNPs are people too." It's not literally true, of course, but conjures an image that is reasonably apropos.
Every marker above is a direct genetic representation of the first man born with that marker. However, each marker could represent three or four more men not born with a new, unique marker.
Count the number of markers upstream of any one kit. Then multiply that by four generations. I'll leave it to you detemine how many years makes a generation. This can be done for all kits descended from any one haplogroup. Average the grand total to get an average timeline for the haplogroup. The word "average" is, however, the key. The more participants, the more that number will change.
This is a simplified, barebones, stripped-down SNP Tree (as above). It's called a Quick Tree merely because it can be created once new results are downloaded. It has the advantage of allowing a tested group member to easily trace their SNP lineage.
| FTT35 FGC57793 FT252488 FT283981
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 --
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FTA58508 FTF19841
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FTF41338 FTF51897
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 BY104414 BY144386 BY70067
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FGC57787
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FTB99030
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 BY75435 FT229465 FT229699 FT228300 FT228573
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 BY82809 FTE3674 FTE4750 FTE5985 FTE3140
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FGC33215 FTE39665 FTE40050 FTE38537
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FGC33215 FT24713 FT19389
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FGC33215 BY188226 BY188587
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FGC33215 FTF37953 FTF38208 FTF38584
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FT269028 FT270451 FT270921 FT268802 FT269210 FT269324
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FT269028 FTF75960
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FT269028 FTE3487 FTE6882
| FTT35 FGC57793 A1147 FGC33216 FGC33214 FGC57788 FGC57790 FGC57791 FT269028 FTB9508
| FTT35 FGC57793 BY170283 FTB98777 FTB98778 FTB98931 FTB98998 BY169248
| FTT35 FGC57793 FGC19852 FGC19853 FGC19854 FGC19857 FGC19858 --
|
Total SNPs: 195 |
STRs (Short Tandem Repeats) are the markers found on the results page of every FTDNA project. They're completely different from SNPs. For example, the number in the first column for the following markers, labeled DYS393, is merely the count of the number of times the sequence AGAT is repeated in the tester's cells. More about the markers can be found on the Wikipedia page for List of Y-STR markers.
The top line in this graphic, in gray, is the modal value. It represents the most common value found among each tester. The total number of mismatches any one tester has to the modal is noted in blue parenthesis next to the tester's kit number. This number is referred to as the genetic distance or GD. For example, a tester might be a GD of 1 from the modal's CDYb marker but with a total GD of 5 from the modal as a whole.
Here we compare the genetic distance between each tester rather than to the modal. This gives us a better idea as to how closely the testers are related to one another as opposed each to the modal, or mutual ancestor. The results tend to clump together by haplogroup. However, due to the volatile nature of STRs, the clumping is often inconsistent, as shown by the same graphics in the somewhat larger YP4248 Subclade Project. For this reason, STRs are unreliable for phylogeny. Nevertheless, the study can help direct us toward those kits that could provide the greatest impact on the project for Big Y upgrades.
The color version results from replacing the numeric values with color values. This doesn't tell us much for small groups but can be informative for groups of ten and more.
